The ancient and mystical art of Eye Gazing
Healing through eye gazing

DLM3

Is Eye Gazing an effective healing method?

A paper by William Record, December 2006

Introduction

Eye gazing is an ancient mystical practice. When two people engage in this practice with the intention of surrendering fully to the experience it is hypothesized here that profound healing can occur and participants can experience communing from the state of essence where there is nothing to do or say.

The purpose of this paper is to test through experimentation the above hypothesis and to examine the healing journey experienced and also use the 4 dimensions of humankind to aid interpretation.

1. Background to the Practice of Eye Gazing

1.1 What is the practice of Eye Gazing?

The practice involves 2 individuals coming together for the purpose of mutual healing. There is no healer/client distinction. The interaction is intense and the issues that separate participants quickly start to surface for clearing taking the participants into wounds, loosening stagnated energy consciousness and thus giving the opportunity for old limiting beliefs to clear and be replaced by vital new energy. As this occurs chakras can start to function better thus filling and expanding the HEF. As the clearing continues real connection and communion can begin.

“When eye contact between two people is initiated and maintained, an invisible energetic circuit is established between the participants, dissolving the barriers that ordinarily separate them from each other, drawing them ever closer into a shared sense of union" (1)

It is a most intimate exercise and it is therefore the domain, in everyday life, of those that love and trust each other. To truly see and be seen is a profound and mystical experience. When two people meet in this way they become something together that they could not be as separate individuals. There is a ‘Joining’ experienced as a sense of union that grows deeper and stronger as the practice continues.

If we want to meditate on an image of the Divine then what better way than to choose another human being to behold.

“Whenever two are linked in this way there comes another from the unseen world” Rumi (2)

Healing through Eye gazing is all about ‘being’ not doing. It is a feminine orientated work in that it is about being receptive rather than proactive. It is about letting the experience carry you.

1.2 What’s our problem with looking each other in the eye?

In modern society we may be quite able to make and break eye contact continuously or even to maintain eye contact without really making contact. The crucial element is our intention. We can intend for example to over power the other with our forceful stare or to yield to the other with our submissive gaze. Alternatively we can have an intention to be open to the other, to meet them as another human being and intend to open a connection with them.

If the eyes are the windows to the soul why do we so resist looking at or through them? The elders of the Cowichan tribe near Vancouver talk of the “disease of the eye” (3) by which they mean our habit of averting our gaze when we come across other people in everyday life. The reaction of averting our gaze is fear based and continuously confirms our separateness from each other. We re-enforce our own limited sense of self every time. That’s many times in an average day. But what do we so resist about making contact in this way? A major risk is perhaps that the powerful connection that develops can quickly start to dissolve the boundaries upon which our sense of self identity is based and in which we are so heavily invested. It takes clear positive intention to risk looking beyond ourselves.

Over the centuries Religious/cultural taboo’s/rules set guidelines on the appropriateness of eye contact. Islamic cultures often teach that eye contact with a member of the opposite sex who is not family is inappropriate.

Eye contact can rapidly cause sexual energy to be activated for one or both participants. Those who come from a lineage of religious tradition eschewing sexual pleasure only within the confines of marriage might find it difficult not to judge themselves for this pleasure and thus judge such manner of eye contact.

Our super ego has plenty of advice on the subject: it’s not safe; the other will get the wrong idea; it’s rude to stare; it is not appropriate. Equally allowing the super ego to force us into eye contact will mean no contact as we lock ourselves into our preferred defence.

In eye gazing we can make our way to essence by clearing the issues that separate us. Each sitting will provide a new set of issues but each time the issues are transformed a new thread of connectedness is established between us building a stronger and stronger basis for a truer relationship. As this thread develops into a thick rope we feel safer and safer to reveal our vulnerability and thus support our mutual healing journey of peeling back the veils that separate us, diving into wounds and emotions that hold those separating beliefs in place.

1.3 What is the state of Essence?

Essence is that which is timeless, eternal, unchanging. It is that from which everything springs. When we connect with essence we experience a sense of great peace and calm. There is quite simply nothing to do or say and yet there is rich potential in this state. In this state we are in contact with ourselves and the other. Boundaries soften as we enter essence and as they do the possibility that we are somehow more connected that we are disconnected arises. As the experience of essence deepens we start to lose the clear definitions ‘you’ and ‘I’.

1.4 Where has the Practice of Eye Gazing been used and why?

The mystical practice of eye gazing appears to have been used by a wide variety of traditions through the centuries. Rumi was perhaps the most well known exponent and according to the author Will Johnson (4) much of his poetry is inspired by the long eye gazing sessions he engaged with a number of partners. Describing Rumi’s practice with Johnson says that the aim is

“ ..a complete dissolving of self and other into this strange and wonderful homogenous field that Rumi calls the ‘consciousness of union’ ”.(5)

Spiritual teachers have long used met the eyes of students to transmit teachings.

“When the eyes of the student meet the gaze of the teacher, words of instruction are no longer necessary”Ramana Maharishi (6)

Lency Spezzano (7) a Spiritual teacher of the Psychology of Vision School uses eye gazing or “joining” as a healing tool with students. She explains “In joining the love will move the issue out chakra by chakra. Eventually it will completely clear at which point your awareness goes from horizontal to vertical and you connect with god. Your mind and gods mind are one. At this point partners may go into a bliss state together and experience real relationship”

My own literature searches and indeed the research of the author Will Johnson have revealed little written information on the subject of eye gazing though it is an integral part of much New Age Tantra work and appears in a variety of New Age schools e.g. The Clairvision School.

2. Adapting the practice for the purpose of this paper

The research information for this paper relies heavily on the experiences gleaned from Eye Gazing groups I ran between July and November 2006. Between gazing sessions the group would have time to discuss with their partners what came up. After this the group would come together for a sharing. It became clear that this was very important since it provided confirmation from others of individual experiences and thus created more openness to further experiences that might come.

Importantly it also allowed participants to receive a reality check on their partners

3. Preparation and guidelines for the practice

4. Experimental research

4.1 Data collection

4.1.1 In order to test the hypothesis I experimented by working with 25 individuals. Feedback on 15 of these was recorded (see Appendices: Data A).

4.1.2 In addition I collected data from the experiences of over 100 participant sessions (See Appendices: Data B) carried out by participants in 3 groups I ran. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire detailing their experiences in addition to which I kept notes on comments made during the sharings between sessions. I did not take part in any eye gazing sessions recorded in this section.

4.2 Bias

I believe I was able to eliminate the potential bias of my participation in the first set of sessions. However there is also the potential for bias in my choice of participants. It was of course quite impossible to work with anyone who was not prepared to enter into a session freely and thus the group is self selecting.

4.3 Session structure

4.3.1 Data A sessions were conducted over a period of 30-40 minutes each with 5-10 minutes at the outset for preparation and 20 minutes at the end for recording experiences.

4.3.3 Data B sessions were conducted over a period of 10-25 minutes. These sessions were all carried out as a group. The group size ranged from 6 to 12 participants.

4.3.4 All sessions were conducted in quiet settings.

4.4.1 Data A

The data in the table is a summation of the keys points extracted from feedback notes.

4.4.2 Data B

The data in the table is a summation of the keys points extracted from Questionnaires and feedback notes.

4.4.3 Other experiential research

Other information on this practice was gleaned from 2 workshops I attended run by the Psychology of Vision School. The group size on both workshops was approximately 150 people. We would work for in pairs for period of between 30 minutes and 120 minutes before changing partners and starting again. This continued through the day for 3-4 days.

5. Healing Through Eye Gazing – Observations and analysis from/of experimental data

5.1 Hara

Really seeing another and being seen has a very strong effect on the Hara. It can weaken initially as we are destabilised by the intensity and intimacy of the setting which triggers a host of fears. However as we begin to relax and accept our situation the Hara strengthens. If we dive into our fears around experiencing wounds and allow those emotions to flow through we can come back into a further strengthened Hara.

Participants spoke of how they went into very still unemotional places with no fear. With strong Hara there is no awkwardness experienced in this practice.

5.2 Superiority and Inferiority

This practice is very healing as it over comes the ego’s strong inclination to desire superiority or inferiority to another. One of the most common pieces of feedback from participants in the study is that they experience a sense of oneness or an experience of seeing themselves in the other.

5.3 What pain is being healed?

It is my experience and that of others I have interviewed that the issues that we process are sometimes personal or shared between the partners but also ‘group mind’ issues as well as much deeper karmic work. Chuck Spezzano (8) of the Psychology of Vision School describes the healing matter subject as belonging to one of 3 categories:

Old – from childhood/life experience

Ancient – A soul story, past life or ancestral issue

Primordial – from the original place where we built the ego

The experiences seem to illustrate that there is a point that we reach where the degree of contact is strong enough at core level that we experience a high degree of real safety and thus whatever issues come up for healing we have this deep and strong foundation which enables us to remain present for ourselves and thus for the other.

5.4 Whose pain is being healed?

Many participants are confused initially as to whether they are experiencing the energy/emotions/pain of the other or their own.

The extraordinary thing about this practice is that it is often not clear whose issues are being processed through one or both partners. This I believe is a very important point to recognise. After several sessions it no longer matters. The possibility and in some cases acknowledgement (from research data) that the pain being healed is always ours is another big shift away from perception of our separateness. The more we practice the more we become aware that every different partner offers us a new piece of ourselves to look at and if we are willing, to process and heal. The idea of your or my stuff becomes irrelevant.

5.5 The Experience of Time

I was asked on several occasions by participants how long they had been gazing. When I once said it had been 45 minutes there was utter amazement from the group. No one seriously believed the session had last more than half that time. When we really come into contact we simply lose our grasp of time. This is fascinating as it seems that time is very good tool for encouraging separation. It encourages us to consider what is not now.

5.6 Past live/Time capsule phenomena

What is it that we see in the faces of others? Are these phenomena simply projections of our own psychic material onto the other or is it something in their field that we are tuning into to? The majority of participants seem to perceive changing shapes on the others faces. Many talk of seeing other faces – perhaps relatives they have known and often people from different ages in different clothing. One participant described to the group how she saw a long line of people dressed in coats carrying suitcases waiting for trains. All these people she said she knew were ancestors of her partner and all looked like him. After the session when they talked for the first time he explained that he was from Israel and indeed his ancestors had travelled around the world. Another participant had a very clear and extraordinary vision of an enormous cross and other Catholic symbols. His partner was a very committed church going catholic. These questions though interesting are beyond the scope of this paper.

Are any of these visual images helpful in terms of the healing journey or are they a distraction, yet another story to get lost in? It seems that perhaps both are true. If we really allow ourselves, as Will Johnson recommends to become a ‘leaf in the stream’ (9) and be carried by the current pulling us onwards towards the possibility of union, then we must allow such imagery simply to be part of that journey and not resist it. However to allow our minds to get lost in it or to start analyzing and looking for meaning would be unhelpful and actually would be resisting the pull of the ‘current’.

5.7 Joining of the fields and development of the core connection

After the initial awkwardness settles down at the start of a session there is usually experienced a distinctive sensation in the centre of the head. From my own observations there is then a period when the eyes seem to adjust to a new way of seeing and the focus of that seeing moves back into the centre of the head. This is accompanied by a sense of a common field between partners developing. Johnson refers to it as the ‘co-mingling of energies’. To my perception a thick cord starts to grow between the area just above the navel to the other and continues to grow in strength and thickness as the session goes on.

In my experience this is the core connection which allows us to really make contact irrespective of what is happening on in the auric dimension/personality level. In fact the more we become aware of this shared field of energy and the core connection the more it grows and the more we can feel it in our bodies which is very pleasurable.

Initially there is a great deal of interest in the light effects, the perceived past life phenomena, the stories, the influence of the music or the surrounding environment. However as participants take part in more sessions a change happens. There is much greater peace, a strong sense of loving connectedness, strong feelings of brotherhood/sisterhood, an urge to hug the other out of the joy of recognising ones own trans-temporal bondedness. Here participants sit in front of someone they have perhaps never spoken with before but feel so strongly connected to that they wish only to sit quietly bathing in the warmth of the others eyes and their joint energy field.

5.8 Chakra cord connections

Through experimentation I have discovered that experience of connection can be strengthened on the auric level by consciously giving energy and attention to our chakra cord connections to the other. If we intend to make our cord connections stronger, clearer and healthier we get to experience a feeling of more aliveness which is very pleasurable and enhances the deepening connection between partners.

5.9 A vision for communication between humans

During the research I gained repeated knowledge of how different spoken communication can be between us. After sessions when the state of connection was allowed to remain (instead of diving back into our agenda’s and busy-ness) the spontaneous discussion that followed was extraordinary. The words seemed to be carried on the core connection between us. The words were describing something deep from inside us that went beyond their everyday meaning. We were able to discuss real-time our little fears as they arose in the moment without going into defense. The connection seemed to hold us in such a safe place that we could explore our transference quite calmly. It is simply beautiful to hear our own words being spoken in this place since they are a truer expression stemming from our core rather than a reaction to the other. It made it so clear to me how much of life we exchange information which really is not based in our personal truth.

5.10 Resistance/Acceptance and Surrender

It is so common for our lower self through strong negative intention to want to maintain either a position of superiority or inferiority. From the ego’s perspective this is safer as it keeps the search for our connectedness at bay and protects our self identity and separateness. This is especially important with eye gazing as the “pull” towards union is very strong and thus the lower self will keep throwing up its stuff to block this current.

Several participants reported being distracted by their partner’s apparent discomfort. At times we may, depending on our characterology, wish to caretake the other, withdraw from the other, pull at the other etc. All of these reactions tend to be habitual reactions resulting from transference from our past. However the more we can be OK with what we experience in the other and allow them to simply have their experience to themselves the more we can move with the healing flow.

Each partner gives us a unique opportunity to look at a different part of ourselves and so there is an endless supply of triggers. With some people the draw into resistance may be higher because the degree of transference is higher which of cause offers us a rich opportunity for healing if we can stay the course.

For some individuals nothing seems to happen. They feel nothing, get bored, sleepy and fed up. The best advice in such cases might be to ‘feel how nothing feels’ – at some point if the person sticks with the practice a shift will happen.

Lency Spezzano (10) explains that when we begin the practice we will heal the issues that we are ready to heal and thus perhaps at first, especially if we are quite new to personal process work, we may deal with lighter woundings. As we progress we deal with deeper and stronger wounds because our container for safely holding ourselves in such spaces is greater and thus we are protected against being re-traumatised.

Lency Spezzano recommends that if a more experienced person is working with someone who is struggling in resistance/disassociation then the former needs to bring the issue through their own body.

5.11 The bubbling up of emotions and activation of thoughts.

It is interesting to observe repeatedly in the practice how an emotion starts to move and finds a thought to grab hold of which then creates a story. In one session at the same time an emotion swept through two participants working together. However even though the emotion was in both cases sadness and perhaps a shared emotion the story that each experienced was different.

5.12 So what does it mean to be in a state of essence?

In the state of essence we have enough of ourselves present that we are able to be fully present to what is happening around us and in us on different dimensions. For example in essence I can still be aware of the story my mind is making but it feels more like the choppy waves high above on the surface of the ocean whereas the experience of essence is deep down.

At the end of one group session the group came to a circle and all sat for an extended period in silence sharing the beautiful experience of essence – nothing to say – nothing to do.

The research and my own experience seems to confirm that the more we engage in this practice the more “filled up” we become with an inner sense of confidence. Our inner authority strengthens as we become more aware of the strength to be found when living from essence. It becomes so clear that all our chasing and busy-ness is pointless without essence being the state from which the activity springs. In essence we have the opportunity to recognise the essential unity not as a concept but as an experienced truth.

5.13 Pleasure

Many participants spoke of the great pleasure experienced during sessions. The pleasure in the 4th level relationship love for the other. The pleasure of sensations in the body physical, sensual, sexual. The pleasure in the experience of divine love.

According to one participant: “it felt quite orgasmic”….having sex with the eyes – it reminded me of David Bowie’s ‘the man who fell to earth’ – fluid everywhere, a very fluid meeting”.

5.14 Permanence in impermance – Multi-dimensional awareness.

Perhaps the most important learning that I have gleaned from this practice is the beauty and safety that exists in our eternal and timeless connection. The opportunity to sense this whilst at the same time witnessing the impermanence of the past life stories, the minds stories, passing emotions and so on. The practice truly brings alive this contrast and I believe repeated practice powerfully develops our ability to retain an awareness in our lives.

5.15 Losing the definitions of you and I

It was common to hear participants talking of a melting of boundaries between themselves and their partner. Will Johnson describes:

“The strongest immersion I ever had in the practice was with a wonderfully powerful Dutch woman with whom I spent seven weeks doing the practice probably between five and ten hours a day. At the end of that period we were deeply fused into a quite wonderful condition of consciousness which made it difficult to discern any boundaries between us. There was sensation that filled the entire body and awareness, but that was about it, very little of "me" or "her" hanging around anywhere” (11)

5.16 Transference

Triggers for transference may come many forms. The seriousness of the others face, the way his/her eyes shift, the sound of his/ her breathing, the intensity of the eyes. These and a myriad of other observations may trigger transference from the perceiver’s earlier life. In a space of such intense intimacy this is powerful. Through working with the practice it becomes so crystal clear that it is not the other who is doing it to us. The discussion between partners after each session really helps to confirm this. For example a projection came up for a male participant who was triggered by his partner’s apparent discomfort and serious facial expression. He perceived that the other didn’t want to be there working with him and didn’t like him. The discussion afterwards revealed that this was simply untrue. The man was reliving a past experience and projecting on to his partner.

6. Examining the Healing Journey through the 4 Dimensions of Humankind

This section will use the 4 Dimensions to consider the different levels of experience that occur during sessions.

6.1 A brief explanation of the 4 dimensions of humankind:

D1: The physical Dimension (PD) – what we can touch and feel in a tactile way

D2: The Auric Dimension (AD) – our personality, our feelings.

D3: The Haric Dimension (HD) – our intentions

D4: The Core Star dimension (CD) – our individualised divinity, this is the dimension of essence.

6.2 The Journey through the 4 dimensions

The following description will give the reader an insight into possible experiences during a session and uses the 4D labels to identify the dimensions present. This description uses direct quotes of participants.

Participants commonly experience a sense of awkwardness (AD) in the first few minutes of the practice. They may be distracted by the others appearance for example or feel very exposed being seen so intensely by the other. Whatever the cause of the awkwardness this is the result of our transference from previous experience that we are bringing forth to the present moment. Thus there is no real contact.

“What is she thinking? – is she OK?”

“….distracted by the others blinking”

“I experienced some fear and danger and the need to protect myself” (a man working with another man – the previous partners were women and felt safe to him)

The initial awkwardness at some point generally gives way to a melting of the hard boundaries between the participants and a ‘co-mingling of energies’(12) This coincides with a movement of the point of ‘seeing from the eyes backwards to the centre of the head and an activation of that area which has the effect of shifting us into an altered state and ushering in a host of bodily sensations.

“I started feeling a distinctive sensation in the middle of my head along with the sense that I am seeing from that place. My skin starts to tingle and I become aware of my physical body” (AD/PD).

Sometimes participants are hit by a wave of emotion around this time:

“a wave of emotion swept through me as if I had some deep knowing of the beautiful place we were heading together” (AD)

As participants sink into this altered state contact deepens and they usually become much more relaxed. This is a sign that they are now not only experiencing the auric dimension but also the Haric and some Core Star. Many spoke of being surprised by the peaceful state with no emotion:

“I was surprised by the lack of emotion I experienced……there was appreciation for the other but not emotion”

This is a clear sign that the journey has entered the haric dimension. It is very common that participants start seeing shape shifting effects and changing faces on their partners whilst also experiencing this quiet non emotional state.

“…then the image of a wolf came on his face….then the wolf man changed into a monster…”

Or

“I saw my partner in 18th Century England”.

Such observations are generally accompanied with light reversals and appearance of colours on their partners faces. This is a sign that there is some 4th level astral experiences happening along with a strong Haric dimensional presence. Somehow the stillness of the haric level supports these visual phenomena perhaps by helping maintain a quiet mind and supporting our ability to surrender to our experience. Frequently this multi-dimensional state will provide the catalyst for a piece of auric wounding to surface. The participant or both may dive into a story (AD).

[Then I became aware of] “a big black safe with my emotions tightly locked away”.

Then perhaps they start to shift.

“this huge build up of tension came in my solar plexus…..it burst out into a massive eruption of energy moving around. Massive electrical currents in my arms and body – very hot sweating body”

Clearly this was some kind of time capsule that had been broken open on the astral level (AD).

One participant described

“..it felt like we were healing this heart that sat in the space between us. We seemed to heal a layer before moving back into a peaceful resting place.”

This indicates how a wave of emotion moves through followed by a stasis rest period. The waves are releasing held pain and allowing for new vitality to enter expanding the HEF and helping open chakras.

As we continue

“It feels like we build our connection… starting with a string and building into a thick cable”.

This is a sign that a Core Star connection is developing allowing the experience to some degree of essence and the sense of safety that provides.

“…then we went into a place of expanded communion and joy”.

What is interesting is when this sense of deep connection develops alongside some clear auric self judgement and negative pleasure:

“I became aware of how the expressions I saw in my partners face triggered fear in me. …..feeling that she might not like me and might not be wanting to do this exercise with me…. BUT at the same time I had established already a very strong deep connectedness and even though I was experiencing fears on the surface I was very safe in the hands of that loving connection so I could just watch my fears coming up and letting them go. In this process I sense that I am building a stronger and stronger connection with this partner.

With this developing connection we are safe to go anywhere

“As we hit the dark music I noticed how my partners face was changing into devils etc and I was aware of how even in those spaces it was safe because of the love connection”.

The stronger this connection the deeper the healing can go.

It is common for participants at some point to enter a “timeless place” where they feel they could stay for days. (CD)

When the dimensions come strongly together a sense of the paradoxical contrasts become present

“I was struck by the extreme spectrum of experience, the spaciness/cosmic nature along with the very physical experience”.

At some point in the session some recognition of union appears as the journey enters the Core Star dimension more fully.

“We shifted into a land where both of us were radiating our light and meeting there from almost every cell. It was a place of union.”

The sense of unity is experienced in different ways:

“Sensation of seeing myself in the eyes of the other. Actually she was me.”

Or

“I was aware of our breathing corresponding and had the sensation of “one-ness” which was more an energetic sensation than an emotional experience.

Or

“Divine love, sparkling, playing on and with the edge between quality-less oneness and…duality”.

Or

“sense of communion and no self”.

Perhaps the most fascinating observation was

“As we worked someone [accidentally] nudged my partner. It was amazing because [even though we were not physically connected] I felt as though it was part of my body that was being nudged.”

Participants frequently talk of the joyful experience of bliss and divine love.

“I had a strong feeling of divine love and shed tears of joy for the love of god”

The experience of divine love is of course a sign that the 6th level of the HEF (AD) is activated. If the chakra’s open up through the crown then participants sometimes pop into a sense of ecstatic bliss and wild and contagious laughter or perhaps this bliss is experienced in a quieter place with more hara and essence experience.

7. Conclusions

It is clear that Eye gazing offers the potential to take participants on intense healing journey’s through the 4 dimensions and into states of profound grace, essence, and bliss. What is interesting is that if the session continues the experience of essence will give way to further journeys through the 4 dimensions as more and more layers of personal/shared, childhood, karmic and primordial psychic material is explored and brought to the surface. By expression through the emotions our HEF is cleared, chakras open and start to function better allowing an experience of greater vitality and greater levels of awareness.

The degree of the healing potential is directly linked to the willingness of the participants to accept and allow what ever they are experiencing and not to judge it and get stuck in it. This is not easy and requires practice.

If participants can ride the journey like a leaf in a stream they will inevitably be carried towards essence. With clear intention this method can take participants through layers of separation into a sense of essence easily with sessions of less that 30 minutes making this a powerful spiritual practice.

However as the connection between partners develops into the Core Star dimension the conditions become ripe for even deeper healing work to happen. The Core Star experience is building the safety container that will allow even greater vulnerability to be witnessed by the other. Thus the next layer of stuck energy consciousness is already loosening, getting ready to shift. As this roller coaster ride into and out of the auric dimension continues deeper and deeper experiences of essence follow.

Working in groups can make for a more powerful experience assuming the group is safely held and there is clear group intention. With the group effect it is easier for individuals to pop into a bliss state from which they can then through harmonic induction help others to move through blocks.

The idea that ‘I only ever see myself’ i.e. all perception is transference really comes to life during the process of eye gazing as we start to experience the other as a part of our experience. If we can come to sense this experientially then we must reflect on how any conflict or negativity that we experience in the world is no more than an externalisation of our inner conflict and negativity that we transfer outwards. The world responds to our minds.

The practice is a powerful tool for demonstrating how effective communication can be from a place of essence because we communicate from a place of greater purity and inner knowing. There may be some personality in there still and thus transference but at least we can clearly witness that transference without getting caught in it.

Ease with intimacy, confidence and a sense of inner authority all can be strengthened through the practice.

8. Area’s worthy of further investigation but beyond the scope of this paper